In Campbell and Horowitz’s (2016) study about effect of college on sociopolitical attitudes, the researchers draw on cross-sectional survey data collected through the General Social Survey and the Study of American Families. Imagine that Campbell and Horowitz had collected their own data, and had to check the original survey responses before entering the data into a statistical software program. What process would Campbell and Horowitz be conducting?
a. data collection
b. precoding
c. data cleaning
d. data skewing
e. all of these